Art History Discussion: Romanticism/Deist/Enlightenment

• David's Napoleon
• Culture, Ideas, Beliefs
• Napoleon is made to be the embodiement of the french revolution, and wants the audience to follow him, rather than simply following reason.
• David's Mars Disarmed By Venus
• What is Happening In Art At the Time
• Art is Secular
• Reason is somewhat out of the window
• Style
• It is an escapist fantasy.
• Rococo
• Ideas and Beliefs
• You can make heaven on Earth.
• If it feels good, do it.
• Visual Expression
• Nice flowing lines
• Pastel colors
• Nudity
• Deism
• Ideas and Beliefs
• Man can be one with nature
• You can learn how to know and control nature
• One can use reason to make the world a perfect place
• Everything God made is perfect
• Reason over passion
• Enlightenment
• Ideas and Beliefs
• Logic and Reason are the best
• Deism
• Reason over passion
• Goya's Family of Charles IV
• Ideas
• Goya does not like Charles IV
• Because Charles IV hates the Enlightenment
• Goya lets Charles IV's family exactly as they are, to show how bad they are in reality.
• Goya had sex with the Queen of Spain, what?!
• Visual Expression
• Goya lets Charles IV's family exactly as they are, to show how bad they are in reality.
• Goya uses realism to show how crappy Charles IV family actually is. 
• Goya's Clothed and Nude Maha
• Ideas Behind Nudes In General
• In the Renaissance Period Geometry is Beauty is Divine.
• In Rococo, the human body is perfect.
• In general, everyone has a spark of divinity, men is made in God's image, and are perfect.
• The purpose behind Naked Maha
• Classical realized bodies are false
• The reality is, you do not have divinity.
• The purpose behind Clothed Maha
• To show that people wear clothes because clothes are used in order to increase one's sexuality rather than out of modesty.
• Goya's The Sleep of Reason Produces Monsters
• Interpretation One
• If reason falls asleep, what emerges is irrationality.
• Interpretation Two
• The French Revolution is the manifestation of the dream of reason.
• If you give reason a chance, it produces the French Revolution.
• The French Revolution produces monsters, reason produces monsters.
• Goya's Siguebro el Cantaro or "Yes the vase, broke"
• What is Happening in the Image?
• A child broke a vase, and now is about to be whooped with a shoe on their bare bottom.
• The mother is chewing on the clothes of the child, to hold the child's clothes back, so that she can hit her child.
• Her face is grotesque to portray her as a monster.
• Interpretation One
• Discipline as perfection is nothing but some bullshit
• Therefore the Enlightenment is bullshit as well
•  Interpretation Two
• The woman is not disciplined, therefore she is a monster, therefore the Enlightenment is true.
• Goya's the Second of May 1808
• Date
• 1814
• Background Information
• Napoleon sent troops into Spain, who are supposedly bringing liberty, quality, and good government to Spain.
• The Soldiers of France appear in Spain supposedly for the good of the people, the Spanish people however retalliate against the soldiers and attack them.
• What is Portrayed in this Piece?
• The Soldiers being attacked by the people of Spain
• Goya's The Third of May
• Date
• 1808
• Symbolism
• The lantern symbolizes the light of the Enlightenment and that it allows you to kill those you are trying to help, easily, and all the time.
• Purpose
• To show that those who use reason to justify killing, are the most dangerous people.
• Negative Romanticism
• Figures of Negative Romanticism
• Goya
• It attacks and overturns the Enlightenment
• Wants the Enlightenment to work, but denies it.
• It attacks the idea that everything can be justified with reason.
• German Romanticism
• Figures of German Romanticism
• Casper David Friedrich
• Landscapes
• Hyper Realism
• Artficially Contrived
• Want the Enlightenment and Religious Ideas to Work, but they appear lost.
• It has a longing for a return to nature and religion