These new products were one per household products, people only needed so much of these products.
People start buying shares of corporations like crazy
America's Great Depression
Stock Market Crash
People started borrowing money to buy stock.
The Stock market crashed and everybody sold their shares at once as they freaked out.
Treaty of Versailles
Caused money to go through a rotation from Germany to Britain to France to the US and back to the rest of the nation
So when the great depression hit, it effected this money rotation and the rest of these nations involved in the rotation
Banks Failed
The Banks Closed
People lost everything they had
Because Banks Failed, Businesses Failed, Because Businesses failed many people lost their jobs.
Political Reaction
Capitalism, Liberalism, and Republicanism is questioned.
Many nations believed that these capitalism, liberalism, and republicanism were the cause of the Great Depression.
Nations became Socialist, and guaranteed everyone government jobs.
Rise of Fascism
Mussolini
The Republic of Italy was called inept, and weak by Mussolini.
Italian inflation caused huge debt and unemployment in the 1920s.
What did Mussolini do as Prime Minister:
Complete Censorship
Eliminated his Opponents
Made the state Centralized and Corporate
He is a De facto Dictator
Hitler
He served in WWI, and was bitter that Germany lost.
He joined the National Socialist Party.
He was at the head of the Beer Hall Putsch to take over the government in Germany.
This failed and he went to prison, where he wrote the Mein Kampf.
Part of his prison sentence prevented him from many years to speak publicly.
He Began politically to try and change the government of Germany.
Nazism
Hitler lost an election to become President of Germany.
The Nazis were the most powerful party in Germany, so Hitler was made Chancellor or Vice President.
The Emergency Powers are written, and the Enabling Act was made in order to prevent a communist revolution that was staged to cause panic.
Enabling Act
Outlawed..
Freedom of Press
Freedom to Gather
Other Political Parties are abolished
Nazis are placed everywhere
Hitler's Plans
Removed foreign music
Removed foreign literature
Promoted German art
Undesirable people are sterilized and known as Asocials
Hated Communism
Built up army, navy, air force, and highways
Hitler's Foreign Policies
Rejected Treaty of Versailles
Wanted to Unify all Germans
Occupied the Rhineland
Signed a Pact with Japan and Italy
Annexed Austria
Seized part of Czechoslovakia, and then the rest of it.
Signed a non-aggression pact with the Soviet Union
Neville Chamberlain
He made an agreement with Hitler
He believed he had made peace in his time
He didn't compromise with Hitler, he simply appeased him.
Beginning of WWII
Germany Invasion of Poland
Germany lied to its people and told them that Poland had attacked, Germany in reality simply invaded Poland.
Working with Russia, they take all of Poland.
Phony War
For a year, people believed that WWII wasn't actually going to be a war, as no one was really fighting.
Invasion of France
Germany trapped the British and French armies, forcing France to surrender.
Britain came into assist by sea, but in the end Paris fell.
Battle of Britain
Britain had two things to resist the German Invasion
The Radar
And Spitfire Agile Planes with Really Good Guns
Germany repeatedly bombed Britain, but the British Spitfires were too much for them.
Germany retreats from the battle of Britain.
German Invasion of Russia
Hitler hated communists and did not trust Stalin.
Why did he Want the Ukraine
For its bread
For its oil
So that he can isolate Britain
The German invasion did well, until winter hit in Russia and the invasion ground to a halt.
Japan After the Russo-Japanese War
Japan won the war, but realized they relied heavily on other nations.
Japan lacked resources.
Prime Minister and War Minister: Hideki Tojo wanted Japan to be a World Power.
Manchria
Japan attacked China multiple times, but this was looked down upon by the league of nations.
Expansion of Japan
Japan wanted to expand and not depend on the US and Britain.
The US didn't want Japan to expand.
Pearl Harbor
The US was given a message to announce the Pearl Harbor attack but the message wasn't delivered so the attack seemed like a surprise.
We lost warships, air crafts, and battle ships.
US Fighting on Two Fronts
US and Britain invaded Algeria
US won North Africa
Invaded and Secured Sicily
Patton and Montgomery were allies who did not get along very well, in their mission to invade Sicily
Operation Avalanche
Invaded Italy
Captured Rome
Soviets vs Germany
Siege of Stalingrad
Stalin moved all of his military and industry behind the mountains and started moving their artillery to Stalingrad and Leningrad just annihilating the Germans.
Prisoner Policy
Neither the Soviets or Germany took prisoners
Operation Overlord
US Invades Normandy
Operation Fortitude
The US tricked Germany into believing they were invading one area, when they were really invaded another.
Operation Overlord
The US invades Normandy
Operation Cobra
US Army raced across France to Paris
There were giant hedges in the way
A soldier put a shovel on the front of a tank, and used it to dig out the hedges
Patton lead the Third Army to Paris
Operation Market Garden
Montgomery made a plan to punch a hole through the German line by attacking bridges with artillery and sending paratroopers to hold bridges.
Once they had the bridges, they would just drive through, however the Germans blow up some of the bridges we needed.
We had to retreat.
The Battle of the Bulge
Germans attacked straight through the American lines, right in the middle of the winter.
There was very little food, it was in the winter, and very cold.
It was Hitler's last Gamble.
Patton came in and saved the day.
Strategic Bombing Campaign
We started bombing places
Soviets took Berlin
England Victory in Europe
Pacific War
The Japanese did not accept surrender, and treated prisoners harshly.
The US lost the Philippines to Japan
Prisoners were forced to walk across the Philippines
Doolittle Raid
We shocked Japan with a military response to Pearl Harbor, not much happened.
Battle of Midway
Japan wanted to take Midway, so that they could then take Hawaii from the US.
US Code breakers learned that Japan was going to try and take midway.
Admiral Nimitz had the Yorktown carrier refitted in 72 hours and then placed the feet northwest of Hawaii to ambush the Japanese.
We put Japan on the defensive and saved Midway.
War in the Pacific
Battle of Iwo Jima
US pushed toward the Japanese Home Islands
Japan didn't want to surrender
Japanese Soldiers were in caves on the island
Battle of Okinawa
This was the first battle of the US against Japan itself, on land a part of Japan.
There were thousands of civilians, some of which committed suicide, others committed suicide using bomb vests to battle the US.
There were many kamikaze missions.
Operation Downfall
Cancled invasion of Japan
Would have weakened Japan and the US
World War II Diplomacy and Strategy
The Allies accepted nothing but unconditional surrender of the Axis.
Benefits Back Home
Women worked
Many minorities helped with the war effort
American Paranoia
Japanese Concentration Camps in New Mexico and Arizona
Manhattan Project
Army Corps of Engineers initiated it
The best scientists were assembled in the dessert
Billions of dollars were spent on the nuclear bomb
Ending the Pacific War
We bombed Japan
Hiroshima
Nagasaki
Results of WWII
Innovations
Technology
Code Breaking
Radar
Nukes
USA was dominant
The USSR Emerges
Isolationism becomes impossible as the US becomes bound to Europe